![]() ![]() NT1 is characterized by EDS, disturbed sleep, cataplexy, and parasomnias such as hallucinations and sleep paralyses. NT1 is a central disorder of hypersomnolence caused by a selective destruction of hypothalamic hypocretin-producing neurons. In the third version of International Classification of Sleep Disorders ( ICSD-3), narcolepsy is divided into two main categories : narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2). Further validation studies of SNS were published as conference posters with limited information on case definition and methods, Moreover, a few controversial narcolepsy diagnoses in the first study could have had some impact on the final evaluation of SNS. SNS has shown sensitivity of 86%–98% and specificity of 86%–96% in separating narcolepsy from different sleep disorders or hypersomnias. The SNS score varies between –110 and +66, and scores under 0 indicate possible narcolepsy. The Swiss Narcolepsy Scale (SNS) was introduced in 2004. There are only a few other validated narcolepsy screening questionnaires. However, the study was limited in size and used the first version of International Classification of Sleep Disorders ( ICSD) from 1990. The first validation study of UNS showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 98.8% using 14 as a cut point. The UNS score varies between 0 and 44, where higher score reflects more symptoms of narcolepsy. It was originally designed as a screening tool for narcolepsy. introduced the Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale (UNS) in 1994. Sleep questionnaires, possibly combined with a sleep log or actigraphy, are cheap and relatively quick tools to help in selecting patients for these intensive diagnostic tests. In addition to clinical history, thorough and expensive diagnostic procedures such as full-night polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and lumbar puncture are needed for the diagnosis of hypersomnia syndromes. IntroductionĮxcessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common complaint, even if primary central disorders of hypersomnolence are rare. In these patients, sleep diary, actigraphy, and cardiorespiratory polygraphy may be the best next steps in the diagnostic workup instead of full-night polysomnography followed by multiple sleep latency test, as the prior probability of narcolepsy is very low. ![]() Therefore, it might be a feasible approach to interview these patients even more carefully to have better information about other, more common, causes for sleepiness, such as insufficient sleep, circadian rhythm disorder, and sleep apnea. We also show that if Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale score is less than 9, narcolepsy is highly unlikely. We show that Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale has excellent sensitivity and specificity in the screening of narcolepsy type 1 in a clinical population. ![]()
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